Looking for a list of chemicals used in pulp and paper making?
You’re at the right place!
We assume you are known to the fact that a large number of adhesives and chemicals are used in pulp and paper making.
Paper is a generic term that includes the presence of a broad range of substances within it. These substances that are present in the paper come with various textures and coatings.
Now, many of these substances are adhesives and chemicals.
Each adhesive and chemical that is added to the pulp slurry while making paper holds unique properties to give a specific purpose to the paper.
Adhesives are added for giving stickiness property to the material to keep it together.
Adhesives are responsible for holding the slurry together.
They create bonds between the pulp particles and make them stick to each while providing strength to the material.
These adhesives are available in different types such as natural, synthetic, semi-synthetic, etc.
Chemicals are substances with unique molecular composition.
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The chemicals are responsible for providing the required qualities to the paper.
Different types of chemicals are added to the pulp to provide different properties to the pulp. Chemicals are categorized into types like brightening agents, sizing agents, pigments, fillers, etc.
Here, we are going to share with you the list of 56 important chemicals used in pulp and paper making along with their formula and properties –
1. Agalite or Talc
Chemical name: Silicate of Magnesia
Formula: MgO-32%, SiO2-42%
Purpose: It helps to provide a greasy/soapy feel to the paper. It also improves the finishing
2. AKD
Chemical name: Alkyl Ketene Dimer
Formula: C4H4O2
Purpose: Sizing Agent
3. Alabaster or Annaline
Chemical name: Anhydrate Calcium Sulfate
Formula: CaSO4
Purpose: Paper loading material
4. Alganic Acid
Chemical name: Alganic acid or Na-Alginate
Formula: Na-(C6H8O6)n
Purpose: Used for coating and surface treatment
5. Alum
Chemical name: Sulfate of Alumina
Formula: Al2(SO4)3.18H2O
Purpose: For alkaline sizing along with Rosin
6. Albarine
Chemical name: Natural Sulfate of Lime
Formula: CaSO4.2H2O – 100%
Purpose: It is a calcium salt that is used for a variety of purposes including building materials
7. Animal Glue
Purpose: It is a pigment coating Binder
8. Barium Carbonate
Chemical name: Barium Carbonate
Formula: BaCO3
Purpose: Used as a coating pigment
9. Blanc fix, fast white, pearl white or permanent white
Chemical name: Barium Sulfate
Formula: BaSO4
Purpose: Used as a filler or also a coating pigment
10. Casein
Chemical name: Casein
Purpose: It is a pigment coating binder. Casein is a heterogeneous globular, amphoteric phosphoprotein
11. Chlorine Dioxide
Chemical name: Chlorine Dioxide
Formula: ClO2
Purpose: Used in Pulp Bleaching
12. Chlorine Gas
Chemical name: Chlorine
Formula: Cl2
Purpose: Used in pulp bleaching and water treatment
13. Clay or Kaolin
Chemical name: Kaolinite
Formula: Al2Si2O5(OH)4
Purpose: Used as a filler
14. Dolomite
Chemical name: Calcium Magnesium Carbonate
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Purpose: Filler, Coating
15. DTPA
Chemical name: Diethylene Triamine Penta Acetate
Formula: C14H33N3O10
Purpose: Used for chelation i.e. removal of transition metals from pulp
16. EDTA
Chemical name: Ethylene Diamine Tetra acetic Acid
Formula: C10H16N2O8
Purpose: Used for chelation i.e. removal of transition metals from pulp
17. Enzyme
Purpose: Used in Deinking
18. FSA
Chemical name: Formamidine Sulphuric Acid or Thiourea Dioxide
Formula: CH4N2SO2
Purpose: Post Deinking bleaching
19. Guar Gum
Chemical name: Natural Polymer
Purpose: It is a Dry Strength Additive
20. Gypsum or Mineral White or Plaster
Chemical name: Natural Sulfate of Lime
Formula: CaSO4.2H2O
Purpose: Gypsum board
21. Hydrogen Peroxide
Chemical name: Hydrogen Peroxide
Formula: H2O2
Purpose: Used in Bleaching
22. Hypochlorous Acid
Chemical name: Hypochlorous Acid
Formula: HOCl
Purpose: Used In Pulp Bleaching
23. Lime
Chemical name: Calcium Oxide
Formula: CaO
Purpose: Alkaline Pulping Process Chemical Recovery, Bleaching
24. Lime Stone
Chemical name: Calcium Carbonate
Formula: CaCO3
Purpose: To make Precipitated CaCO3, is used as Filler and in Coating
25. Magnesium Bisulfite
Chemical name: Magnesium Bisulfite
Formula: Mg(HSO3)2
Purpose: Used in Sulfite pulping
26. Magnesite
Chemical name: Magnesium Carbonate
Formula: MgCO3 -100%
Purpose: Filler for cigarette paper
27. Milk of Lime
Chemical name: Calcium Hydroxide
Formula: Ca(OH)2
Purpose: For causticizing of green liquor
28. Milk of Magnesia
Chemical name: Magnesium Hydroxide
Formula: Mg(OH)2
29. Oxygen
Chemical name: Oxygen
Formula: O2
Purpose: Used in Bleaching
30. Ozone
Chemical name: Ozone
Formula: O3
Purpose: In Pulp Bleaching
31. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)
Chemical name: Polyvinyl Alcoho
Formula: [CH2CH(OH]n
Purpose: It is a Pigment coating Binder
32. Rosin
Chemical name: Abietic Acid
Formula: C19H29COOH
Purpose: It is a Sizing Agent
33. Rosin Soap
Chemical name: Sodium Abietate
Formula: C19H29COONa
Purpose: It is a Sizing Agent
34. Salt Cake
Chemical name: Sodium Sulfate
Formula: Na2SO410H2O
Purpose: It is a makeup chemical used in sulfate pulping chemical recovery (Na2SO4. —Na2S)
35. Satin
Formula: 3CaO.Al2O3.3CaSO4.31H2O
Purpose: It is a bright white pigment
36. Soap/ Fatty Acid
Purpose: Used in Deinking
37. Sodium Bisulfite
Chemical name: Sodium Bisulfite
Formula: NaHSO3
Purpose: Used in Sulfite pulping
38. Soda Ash
Chemical name: Sodium Carbonate
Formula: NaHSO3
Purpose: It is used as a makeup chemical in alkaline pulping chemical recovery (Na2CO3 +Ca(OH)2—2NaOH+CaCO3)
39. Sodium Aluminate
Chemical name: Sodium Aluminate
Formula: Na2Al2O4
Purpose: Used in conjunction with alum to control pH
40. Sodium Bisulfite
Chemical name: Sodium Bisulfite
Formula: NaHSO3
Purpose: An acid type cooking liquor chemical component sometimes used to neutralize residual chlorine in the pulp during the bleaching process
41. Sodium Chlorate
Chemical name: Sodium Chlorate
Formula: NaClO3
Purpose: Used to generate Chlorine Dioxide
42. Sodium Dithionite
Chemical name: Sodium Hydrosulfite
Formula: Na2S2O4
Purpose: Bleaching
43. Sodium Hypo-chlorite
Chemical name: Sodium Hypo-chlorite
Formula: Na2S2O4
Purpose: Bleaching
44. Sodium Peroxide
Chemical name: Sodium Peroxide
Formula: Na2O2
Purpose: Bleaching
45. Sodium Silicate
Chemical name: Sodium Silicate
Formula: Na2SiO3
Purpose: In waste paper deinking for wetting, peptization, ink dispersion, peroxide stabilization.
46. Sodium Sulfide
Chemical name: Sodium Sulfide
Formula: Na2S
Purpose: Active chemical in kraft/sulfate cooking liquor
47. Sodium Thiosulfate
Chemical name: Sodium Thiosulfate
Formula: Na2S2O3
Purpose: Bleaching
48. Sodium tripolyphosphate
Chemical name: Sodium tripolyphosphate
Formula: Na5P3O10
Purpose: Dispersant
49. Starch
Chemical name: Starch
Purpose: Comprised of glucose units linked together by oxygen bridges called glycosides. It is a wet and dry end additive
50. Sulfur
Chemical name: Sulfur
Formula: S
Purpose: To make HSO3 for bisulfite pulping
51. Surfactant
Purpose: Used in deinking, Used as de-bonders in fluff pulp manufacture.
52. Titania
Chemical name: Titanium Dioxide
Formula: TiO2
Purpose: Used as a filler to increase the opacity and brightness of paper as well as also used in coating purpose
53. Anatase
Chemical name: Titanium Dioxide
Formula: TiO2
Purpose: Grade of titanium oxide paper coating pigments which is water dispersible
54. Zinc Hydrosulfite
Chemical name: Zinc Hydrosulfite
Formula: ZnS2O4
Purpose: Bleaching Chemical
55. Zinc Sulfide
Chemical name: Zinc Sulfide
Formula: Formula: ZnS
Purpose: Pigment
56. Zinc White
Chemical name: Zinc Oxide
Formula: ZnO
Purpose: Pigment
